Fusarium Wilt of Bananas: A Review of Agro-Environmental Factors in the Venezuelan Production System Affecting Its Development

Bananas and plantains (Musa spp.) are among the main staple of millions people in world. Among Musaceae diseases that may limit its productivity, Fusarium wilt (FW), caused by oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), has been threatening banana industry for many years, with devastating effects on economy tropical countries, becoming leading cause changes land use severely affected areas. In this article, an updated, reflective practical review current state knowledge concerning agro-environmental factors affect disease progression dissemination dangerous pathogen carried out, focusing Venezuelan production systems. Environmental variables together soil management sustainable cultural practices important affecting FW incidence severity, excluding widespread Foc, especially highly virulent race 4 (TR4), is mainly human activities. Additionally, risk analysis climatic suitability maps Foc TR4 Venezuela have developed. Although currently there no effective solutions available control, perspective provides overview influence environmental agricultural would giving some insight into can contribute to reducing detrimental how climate change development.